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RDN Guest Commentary

WCBS-FM Returns: A Positive Step for Radio
By Larry Stoler
August 7, 2007

On July 7 1972, WCBS-FM New York began playing rock 'n' roll oldies 24 hours a day. The format would continue on the station for 33 years.

In addition to featuring music from the 50s, 60s and 70s, many well known personalities were heard on WCBS-FM. These included Bruce Morrow AKA Cousin Brucie, Dan Ingram, Harry Harrison, Dan Daniel and Bobby Jay. Before being heard on the station they had worked at WABC, WMCA and WWRL when they were music stations.

Many broadcasters became well known to the audience because they were on the air at the station for many years. Bill Brown did mid-days from 1969 to 2005. Don Bombard AKA Bob Shannon, was heard for over 20 years mostly during afternoon drive.

Don K. Reed started six months before the oldies format began. He continued till 2005. He made his name as host of the Doo Wop Shop for 27 years. This weekly program featured music of the '50s along with live performances in the studio and interviews with many artists who keep this important part of rock and roll alive. It was the only place to regularly hear this music on commercial radio on a regular basis.

Max Kinkel made overnights fun to listen to and successful for the radio station. His unique style of presenting the music and talking to the audience graced the microphone for 12 years.

On June 3 2005 at 5 P.M., the oldies format ended and a concept called Jack took over. It should be pointed out that an hour before that all of the disc jockeys were let go during a conference call with company management.

Despite the high ratings that had been achieved for years at WCBS-FM which resulted in the company making $30 million during its last year as an oldies station, Joel Hollander who was the CEO of CBS Radio at the time maintained that the audience was getting old and they could not successfully convince advertisers to buy time on the station.

The Jack format has been described as "an iPod on shuffle." It consists of a broad playlist that encompasses many different styles of music. It is programmed differently in many parts of the country where it is heard. It does not have any announcers and very little promotion on or off the air.

CBS Radio received a high volume of opposition to Jack from the very devoted listeners who had kept their radios on the station for 33 years. Most of the negative reaction was due to the fact that the djs who had become friends to the audience were not allowed to say goodbye before Jack began.

The listeners also objected to the remarks voiced between songs by Howard Kogan. He was the voice of Jack. They felt they had been insulted by the concept of playing what we want. They believed that meant that what they wanted to hear or how they felt about the format change didn't matter.

As Jack continued in New York, Joel Hollander and his brother were let go by the company. Dan Mason who had been the CEO in the past was appointed to take over.

Mr. Mason unlike the Hollanders had been a broadcaster. He understood what was needed to make this station and the other properties he would oversee work.

During its two year run, Jack did see a slight increase in the ratings however the bottom line decreased from $30 to $16 million. This was the final straw and led to the return of the oldies or greatest hits format on July 12, 2007 at 1.01 P.m.

Bob Shannon and Dan Taylor were rehired. Dan would host the morning show and Bob would be in charge of mid-days

Bill Lee AKA Broadway Bill Lee, was brought in to host an afternoon show. His unique rhyming style although new to the audience would be one of the important parts of the new CBS-FM.

Pat St. John who had been heard on WPLJ in New York in addition to WKNR and CKLW in Detroit was also hired. Just like Bob Shannon, he is very knowledgeable about the music and creative when it comes to presenting it.

Jeff Mazzei, the station's music director, would host an overnight show. He was also responsible for keeping oldies alive on the station's website and HD channel for two years.

Joe Causie, who had been on the air in New York since the late '70s, was also added to the on air talent. He would be on the air during the weekends.

As of the writing of this article, more names and program features are being added to the new version of WCBS-FM.

Just before 1 P.M. on July 12th, a Montague of music and jingles from 1964 through the '80s was presented. This unique way of making the audience aware that the station was coming back included announcements from some of the staff who had worked there until 2005. Sound clips highlighting the events of each year along with brief snippets of commercials and TV shows were also heard.

At 1.01 P.M. the first song Do It Again by the Beach Boys ushered the kickoff of WCBS-FM's Greatest Hits format.

Mayor Michael Bloomberg proclaimed July 12th as WCBS-FM Returns to New York City Day. The proclamation was read by Bob Shannon and Jennifer Donahue the station's Vice President and General Manager.

As Program Director Brian Thomas pointed out the 2007 version of WCBS-FM is different than the way the station sounded in 1987. For example the hits of the '60s through the '80s are highlighted in regular rotation. For the most part the early days of rock and roll are being ignored although they are sometimes featured in a segment called the hall of fame which occurs once an hour. The category of music changes each day.

The return of WCBS-FM is a very significant move for radio. First of all it is a victory for an extremely devoted audience who very strongly objected to Jack for two years. They felt they had lost a friend who had become a part of their lives.

This wasn't just an ordinary radio station. It was part of the culture and pace of New York City.

It was also important for the personalities such as Bob Shannon, Dan Taylor and the others I mentioned. When you listen to the station, you can hear an on air staff that sounds very happy and they want to see this station succeed.

Throughout its history, WCBS-FM's announcers never talked down to the audience. They never insulted them or brought their own problems to the air. What they did then and are continuing now is a return to true personality radio.

The disc jockeys are keeping the station moving. The music is up tempo with very few ballads in the mix.

For many years, the people who make decisions about what should be heard on the air made the audience believe that personality radio should consist of morning shows with groups of people who would talk for 10 minutes about reality TV shows or tell inside jokes about things that were going on at the radio station. They also presented a negative attitude to the listeners. This is not what personality radio is all about.

When done right, a station can be exciting to leave on. People will be made to feel that if they turn their radio off they will be missing something.

WCBS-FM is not taking the approach that radio must reflect reality or sound like you are hanging out with your friends at a local bar. The station is exciting and always presents the feeling that something new which will capture the attention of the audience is going to happen at any minute.

I feel that the current incarnation of WCBS-FM will be very successful and will make a great profit for the company. This will send a signal to the broadcast industry that personality radio is not dead. People still want something exciting to listen to.

As I have stated in previous articles, I think to much time is being wasted on worrying about satellite radio and promoting HD which is a technology that in the long run will not survive.

The answer is to improve the overall quality of what passes for good radio and the audience will tune in. WCBS-FM is doing this and this is being noticed not only by radio people but by listeners around the world thanks to the station's website.

I hope that what WCBS-FM is doing will be the first step in making regular over the air radio stand out again.

Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net


November 20, 2006

Will Radio Ever Get It Right?

By Larry Stoler   

Radio, a medium which offered a variety of different formats which millions of people listened to for many years, is now facing challenges from many different places.  Satellite radio, the Internet, iPods, etc.  How has the broadcast industry reacted to the different choices that listeners now have to obtain music and information?

 
 During the past year, a campaign to make the audience appreciate how radio has enhanced the careers of many musicians and performers was heard on many stations.  Spots were aired to promote radio and were played throughout the country however the audience did not notice or discuss them.
 
 A few years ago, XM and Sirius, the two satellite services, entered the radio landscape.  Both promised hundreds of channels with commercial free music including different styles and formats that were no longer available on regular over the air radio.  Different choices for news, talk and sports were also made available to anyone who subscribed to either of the two services.
 
XM was first to launch which gave them a head start on promotion to the audience.  Sirius came later.
 
As time went on, the satellite companies began to hire well known voices to host different channels.  Howard Stern left commercial radio and transferred his program to Sirius where he oversees two channels.
 
Opie and Anthony who had been fired by Infinity Broadcasting in 2,002 for the Sex in St. Patrick's Cathedral incident were hired by XM and this year returned to the air in a deal they arranged with CBS Radio.  They do a three hour show on both CBS and XM and then they are heard for a couple of more hours exclusively on satellite radio.  The CBS/XM simulcast is heard during morning drive in most markets and is delayed till later in the day in a couple of places.
 
Sirius gave Martha Stewart her own channel.  XM began a 11 year agreement to broadcast major league baseball games from all over the country.  These are just a few examples of what has happened to satellite radio over the years.
 
At first, the industry chose to ignore satellite radio's existence however recently they felt they had to react so HD radio entered the race to get more listeners.
 
HD Radio, developed by Ibiquity Digital Corporation, is a service that promises the listeners FM sound quality on AM and CD quality on FM.  It does not require the public to pay any subscription fees or any other costs after purchasing the proper receiver and any associated hardware.  
 
The company has assured the major radio group owners that they will provide many different kinds of music plus in depth talk shows and interviews.  
 
The AM band offers only one channel for digital audio while on FM, their are more choices which lead to more program diversity.
 
At this point, very few radios are on the market that handle this technology and according to people I have spoken to, they do not have the sensitivity required for the average person to comfortably listen to what they enjoy.
 
I have listened to some of the HD channels and I feel they are not to different from what is on analog radio.  Although formats that have disappeared from the air are on HD, most of the stations do not have any announcers.  This is also the case with satellite radio.
 
When the HD Alliance was formed to promote this technology, they said that HD would be commercial free for approximately 18 months.  Most stations are at this point however this will change and when it does, it will be probably voicetracked from different locations as so much of regular radio is today.
 
Their is no guarantee that new talent will result on HD radio as more receivers become available and stations start airing commercials and if new broadcasters are heard, they will probably sound the same as what is already available all over the country.
 
Another point is that with the number of channels available on HD radio, information such as traffic and weather and song titles can be available on a digital screen.  This will result in more people losing their jobs in the broadcast business.

Stations will feel they don't have to pay disc jockeys because what they do is being displayed on HD.  This would be a loss in an industry that does not have any security as it is.

 
I also find it ironic that the same people that took oldies off the air in New York and Chicago are playing the music on their HD channels.  They removed oldies last year because they felt the audience was getting too old and they could not properly sell the format.  They wanted to reach the "25/54 or the "big money" demographic.  This led to many other stations taking this music off the air.
 
What makes the people in decision making positions in broadcasting think that they will be able to successfully promote HD or any other technology?  The public does not understand what HD is as pointed out in a recent survey.  They think they are getting better sound quality from the station they are already listening to with the radio they have owned for years.  This is poor promotion by the HD Alliance and the many groups that have backed this development.
 
I think HD was not well planned from a promotion, marketing and programming standpoint.  The people that believe so strongly in this are talking out of both sides of their mouths and they have ignored Internet Radio which is growing at a faster rate than both satellite and HD combined.
 
Approximately 19 million people a week listen online.  They do not need to purchase an additional receiver or have to subscribe to the majority of stations that are available.  Online radio offers many choices and unlike the examples I mentioned earlier, the Internet is interactive.
 
Over the next few years, as the technology continues to progress forward, people will be able to walk around and listen to their favorite streams or download the music they like from anywhere.  This is already beginning.
 
The best example for downloading music is the iPod.  The iPod allows anyone to store up to 10,000 songs.  This gives anyone the right to listen to what they want anytime without any commercials.  
 
iPods have grown in popularity very quickly and this is not expected to stop.
 
While major companies continue to waste time, money and energy on worrying and reacting to the new technology, the answer, I feel, is right in front of them.  Improve the quality of what is on AM and FM. 
 
Work on making your station stand out.  Make the audience feel excited about what they are hearing.  Make people feel they will be missing something if they turn the radio off.
 
Work on encouraging and hiring new talent that know how to talk to people and not at them.  Cut back on voicetracking and syndicated shows.  The listeners notice that something is different and they are leaving their radios off.
 
The one thing that radio has over all this technology is that it can bring local product to the audience.  Stations must get back to truly serving the area they are licensed to.
 
Radio is not dead, however if it does not change for the better soon, it could be just a memory for many in a few years.
 
It has been stated that it will take three years for HD to catch on and a long time before both Sirius and XM break even.  Radio cannot afford to wait.
 
The 25 year old and younger demographic is going elsewhere to hear what they want.  Unless radio improves, getting them to return will be a lost cause.
 
As I have said in the past, the audience and the industry deserve better than what passes for good radio.  Improve radio now and quit putting so much concentration on HD and other innovations which will fade into oblivion in the future. 
 
      
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 

June 13, 2006

Who is Radio Really Serving?

by Larry Stoler

 

A few years ago I was working at an oldies station.  One day I approached the program director with a couple of suggestions.  One involved a syndicated show that I thought would fit the overall sound of the station.  The other was how I felt the presentation could sound more energetic than it did.
 
The program director listened to my ideas and said that he felt they made sense but if they were implemented what would the agencies think!
 
This is the belief in today's radio.  It used to be that a station would do anything to attract the most listeners.  Now the ultimate objective is to impress Madison Avenue or the ad agencies in various radio markets.
 
The priorities began to change and stations got away from obtaining the most listeners after the Telecommunications Act of 1996 became reality.  As a few companies bought most of the radio properties in America, everything began to sound generic all over the country.
 
Companies relocated as many stations as possible to one building.  The prices and value of radio stations increased.  Stations were bought and sold for amazing amounts of money.
 
As this trend continued, what the listeners would listen to became less and less a consideration in making programming decisions.  The most obvious example of this took place on June 3, 2005 when Infinity Broadcasting (now CBS Radio), dropped the oldies format on WCBS FM in New York and WJMK in Chicago.  The disc jockeys many of whom were legends were let go an hour before the change to a concept called Jack.  This involves playing a lot of music with no announcers or promotions or contests.
 
WCBS FM was reported to be making over $30 million while broadcasting oldies 24 hours a day.  WJMK was also making a good profit for the company.
 
On several occasions since June of last year, the CEO of CBS Radio admitted that they stopped playing oldies because they wanted a younger audience and despite the loyalty of the listeners, they believed that people over 50 do not buy products based on commercials.
 
I think after this change occurred, many groups decided that they must also take oldies off the air in different parts of the country where they own radio stations.  After all because it happened in two large cities then obviously oldies is a dead concept, right!  I don't think so.
 
Many people in ad agencies are in their 20s and 30s and they have never been inside a radio station.  They don't listen to the formats they are supposed to represent.  They just quote charts and graphs when talking to potential clients.
 
Anyone can use statistics to support a particular point of view.  The so called experts believe that the 50+ demographic stops making purchases after a certain age.  Nothing could be further from the truth.
 
While it is true that the older audience may decide what to buy in a different way than the 20+ age group, the 50 and older listeners will do anything to support their favorite radio station.  They will buy expensive cars, houses, do a lot of traveling, etc.  They do not stop living or spending money after 50.
 
As Scott Shannon who put Z-100 in New York on the air in 1983 and now programs WPLJ also in New York said "I would rather have older listeners than none at all."
 
      The question of how to grab the right demographic always comes up regarding this subject.  Stations today are out to score with the 25/54 or the "big money demo." 
 
While attempting to successfully get this group to listen, the very demo they want is going to places other than traditional over the air radio to obtain music and information.  The number of sources available for this purpose is increasing every day.
 
As this trend continues, the diversity that made radio stand out in the past is disappearing.  Many different kinds of music are not being heard and different groups of listeners are not being served on commercial radio.
  Now more than ever, radio has to return to live-local programming around the clock.  Exciting promotions also must become part of the broadcast day.
 
Sales departments at radio stations have to work harder to convince businesses that people of all ages will listen and buy their products.
 
 The ad agencies must change their marketing strategy and approach for radio.  If they do this along with the broadcast community better programming will result on the AM and FM dial.  It can be done.
 
Larry Stoler
 
e-mail Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net

 

Can Talk Radio Appeal to a Younger Audience?

By Larry Stoler

CBS Radio (formally Infinity Broadcasting), has launched a format called Free FM on several of the companies radio stations.  The concept of the format is talk programming designed to reach a younger audience than traditional talk stations attract.

 
Free FM is also the reaction by CBS to Howard Stern's move from traditional over the air radio to Sirius Satellite Radio.  He announced his intensions in October, 2,004.
 
Howard told his listeners that he would transfer his show to Sirius because he felt he could not give the audience what he was known for due to intervention from the FCC which made it impossible for Infinity Broadcasting to purchase more radio stations.  He also had his program dropped on several Clear Channel stations.  On Satellite Radio, he would have the freedom to say whatever he wanted without any interference from the government or any other sources.  People would pay $12.95 a month to hear two channels that he would be in charge of programming.
 
During the years that Howard Stern was heard over the air around the country, it was a known fact that many of the stations that offered his program did not do well during the rest of the broadcast day according to the Arbitron ratings.  At the same time, young people were moving from FM radio to other sources to get whatever kind of music they wanted to hear.  On both XM and Sirius the two satellite companies the music channels do not contain any commercials. 
 
During the past year, the competition for ways to obtain music and information increased and people became aware of what was available.  Internet radio grew to 19 million listeners a week.  IPods started becoming more available in the market place.  An iPod allows anyone to download thousands of songs.  In addition other alternatives for more diverse programming became publicly available.
 
While many talk shows lean towards politics or try to convince the audience that on every issue one side is right and the other is wrong, Free FM does the opposite.  The topics are not necessarily controversial in nature and the assumption is made that outside of discussions about sex or gossip about who slept with who or making disagreements with the various hosts that do these shows public that young people are not interested in anything else.
 
The tone of Free FM is negative in nature.  This is especially noticeable when a famous person goes through a bad time in their life.
 
An example of this took place on the air after Dick Clark appeared on ABC during New Years Rocking Eve.  He had suffered a stroke and this was his first public appearance since then.  His speech was a little hard to understand but he made it his business to appear at the event which indicated that things were improving for him.
 
On Free FM, his appearance was made fun of by playing different examples of how he sounded and critiquing them.  This was not funny or entertaining and it went on to long.
 
 Most of the shows are run by a host and several other voices.  Usually they are in the background making comments or we are treated to forced laughter as if we need to be told what is humorous.  Also we don't know who the other people are because usually they are not introduced.
 
Why are so many people required to do a talk show on Free FM?  Is it because the consultants or people who came up with this idea felt this was the only way young oriented talk could be done?  Is it because the hosts can not carry a show on their own or both?
 
The goal of bringing a younger audience to talk radio is not a new initiative in the broadcast industry.  In the 1970s, Alex Bennett who now does a show on Sirius, had a program which was for young people on WMCA and later on WPLJ in New York.  It was very creative, humorous and it did not talk down to the audience.  Bennett would interview everyone from rock stars to political people and he would take serious as well as fun calls on the air from his listeners.  The show was successful and lasted for many years on the New York airwaves.
 
Alan Colmes, co-host of the Fox News Channel's Hannity & Colmes and also does a nightly syndicated show on Fox News Radio, had a show that was for young people in the late 70s on WPIX FM in New York (now WQCD.) He did the same thing in the 80s on WNBC and later on WMCA.
 
Mark Simone who is now a political talk show host on WABC in New York, hosted the Simone Phone on Sunday mornings in the late 70s on WPIX FM.  Others have been successful at reaching this demographic.
 
The thing that all the above mentioned shows had in common was that they did not insult the intelligence of the audience.  This is a concept which has been forgotten or is purposely being ignored at Free FM.
 
The lack of professionalism is obvious in this new attempt at hot talk.  The programs lack direction.  They tend to go all over the place and the bits run on and on.
 
At best, Free FM sounds like a college station that was taken over by a bunch of people that did not know what to do with it.  If this is what the people that planned this format had in mind as far as the overall sound is concerned, then I'm afraid they have achieved their goal.
 
This current version of talk radio for a younger audience was the best kept secret in radio.  It was known for months that in 2,006, this would be heard in many markets. 
 
Unlike Jack where the announcers were given an hours notice that they were being let go on two oldies stations in June of last year, the preparation for Free FM in theory went on for months.  You would not assume this to be the case after listening to the way it is being done on the air.
 
I realize it takes a long time to acquire a loyal audience for talk radio and I know developing the rhythm and pace that will work for a show requires a lot of work and patience but if Free FM continues to sound the way it does now will it still exist in 2,007?
   
The way this type of radio is being done needs a lot of work.  Hear are a few suggestions:
 
#1 Put less people on the air during a show.  As is the case with morning shows on music stations, to many voices are being heard.  This is confusing and gets in the way of providing a good show for the listeners.
 
#2 If a bit or a topic is not working, move on to something else.  If you feel the subject you are pursuing is failing then drop it.
 
#3 Don't purposely go for callers that sound negative or angry about everything.  I am not saying they should not be heard.  It's just that the objective should lean toward a more positive look at life.
 
#4 Don't limit the topics that are covered every day.  Young people are aware of more than are given credit on these shows.
 
You can discuss politics in an interesting-creative way and the audience will not tune out.  Also when done right, you can get guests to talk about anything from the usual to the unusual.
  
#5 Whether you get along with the other people on the station or what goes on behind the scenes does not matter to the people listening.  If you have difficulties with the people you work with handle them off the air.
 
This "reality radio" which also exists on music stations with morning teams, has gotten out of hand.  Obviously this approach has made its way into talk too.
 
People have enough to deal with on a day to day basis.  Radio should be an escape from the normal routine.  This is what made it so great in the past and it can be done again.
 
I believe that young people can be successfully drawn to talk radio however the way to accomplish this is to make the station fun to listen to as opposed to an annoyance which is the way this kind of programming currently sounds.
        
Larry Stoler

 

 

They Rallied for Oldies

By Larry Stoler

On June 21, 2,005, 150 people gathered at the headquarters of Infinity Broadcasting 1515 Broadway in New York City.  The purpose of the lunchtime rally was to let the company know how they felt about the change from oldies to the Jack format that took place on June 3rd on WCBS FM.

 
WCBS FM had been presenting oldies 24 hours a day since July 7, 1972.  During its 33 year existence, the station managed to achieve very high ratings and along with that some of the best broadcasters in America worked there.  Some of the more well known names were Harry Harrison the morning mayor, Big Dan Ingram and Cousin Bruce Morrow (aka Cousin Brucie.  Others that were also there for many years and contributed to the station's success were Bill Brown, Bob Shannon, Don K Reed and Bobby Jay.
 
The participants were very upset about the way the parent company had handled the change.  The disc jockeys were not told that this would go into effect until about an hour before oldies would disappear on 101.1 FM.  They were not given the chance to say goodbye to the millions of people who considered the personalities more than just a bunch of voices coming out of an FM radio.  They had developed a close bond with the people that graced the microphone at
the station. This does not happen in today's radio.
 
An example of the listeners identifying with the announcers took place earlier that day.  Mickey Dolenz, the lead singer of the rock group The Monkeys, had been the morning man since January 10, 2,005. He was celebrating his one hundredth show earlier that day with a live broadcast from a club in the city.  No one knew that six hours after his show ended, he along with the rest of the jocks would be informed that they and the music the station had become famous for were being terminated.
  
Radio has always been a business where job security does not exist.  Stations change owners and direction constantly.  Usually when these changes occur, they are not noticed or commented about.
 
One of the few times where disc jockeys were allowed to go on the air and thank the audience was in 1982.  Music Radio 77 WABC was about to become a talk station and Dan Ingram along with Ron Lundy did a three hour program just before the change where they talked about and played examples of the station's 21+ year run doing the top 40 format
 
In 1996, WYNY in New York ended its country programming.  The announcers had a weekend to talk to the listeners before the only country station in the market became history.
 
The situation at WCBS FM was different and should have been given a proper sendoff before the new Jack sound would enter everybody's radios.
     
Another matter that bothered the people at the rally was how they felt they had been told to go away and that the oldies audience did not matter to the decision makers at Infinity.  This has been denied by the company.
 
It should be mentioned at this point that Jack is a concept that was developed several years ago and was first marketed in Canada where it has achieved much success and notice by the radio industry in America.  Jack has become the industry's reaction to the growing trend of people subscribing to the two satellite companies XM and Sirius.  People are now paying monthly for a wider selection of music than they have gotten for years on over the air radio and all of the music comes without any commercials.
 
Jack is also responding to the ever increasing number of iPods that are in use.  An iPod gives you the opportunity to in a sense program your own radio station by downloading whatever music you enjoy listening to.  IPods are being seen on airplanes, trains and in subways.
 
Jack's play list is about 1,200 songs as opposed to the usual 300 hits that get continuously played in rotation on most oldies stations in America.  The diversity of what is heard is broader than what has been the rule on the air for many years.
 
The rally was attended by people of different ages and backgrounds.  Several personalities and formats were represented.
 
Jim Kerr who does mornings on q1043 WAXQ Clear Channel's classic rock station in New York stopped by on his way home to meet the participants and promote his program.
 
Opie and Anthony now on XM, also made an appearance.  Their show was canceled in 2,002 after they broadcast a couple having sex at a church in New York City.  At the time, they were employed by Infinity which had been doing a talk format for a younger audience on WNEW another property they own in the market.  The talk programming would end five months after they were let go.
 
WQCD the Emmis Broadcasting Smooth Jazz station in New York was represented with people handing out tea shirts and bumper stickers which they hoped would urge the ralliers to tune in and listen to what they had to offer.
 
WKHL a Connecticut based oldies station was also seen at the event.  They are located in Stamford which is approximately 40 miles from New York.  They play music mainly from the 60s and 70s.  This was the direction Infinity took WCBS FM during its final two years.  This resulted in a limited play list.  A fact which also made many unhappy with the overall content of the programming.
 
     WMTR, an AM station in New Jersey which plays oldies from the 50s and 60s, brought a sound system to the rally.  Unfortunately music was not allowed at the site.
 
Sirius Satellite Radio was there to make people aware that Cousin Brucie would soon be starting three shows a week.  Two of them would accent the music and the other would be a talk show.  He had signed a five year contract with the satcaster.  Brucie and Norm N Nite, another deejay who was a well known voice on the station are the only two that are employed at this point.  Norm is on Sirius six days a week.  Many of his shows are aired from the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland Ohio.
 
Barbara Harris, lead singer of the group The Toys also stopped by.  The group's best known song is A Lover's Concerto which was a hit in 1965.  That song is played on most oldies stations including WCBS FM when it did the format.
 
It is believed that Infinity Chairman/CEO Joel Hollander was seen walking through the rally.  Mr. Hollander in a recent article in the Chicago Sun Times admitted that he made the decision to drop oldies on both WCBS FM and WJMK over Memorial Day weekend.  A select few in upper management were informed that this would happen a few days before the actual event took place.  As was the case in New York, the announcers in Chicago did not know this was going to happen till an hour before Jack arrived on the FM dial.
 
The overall turnout and significance of the rally has been downplayed by many. A few things need to be mentioned.
 
First of all, this gathering was put together in about a week.  it was all done online through the New York Radio Message Board and on a website where people signed petitions to bring oldies and WCBS FM back to the air. 
 
The amount of opposition to a format change including the rally has been the most I have seen in over 48 years of keeping up with the radio business. 
 
The anger about what happened became so intense that the CEO of Infinity Broadcasting appeared recently on CNBC where he was interviewed by Ted David.  This in my view was an attempt by the company to do damage control but the results were very poor.
 
Currently no radio station in the New York market plays the greatest hits of all time on a continuous basis.  Some stations have added more oldies to their play lists but that does not substitute the loss people still feel.  They miss the personalities and the way they talked to them which resulted in a unique and very successful approach for the presentation of oldies.
  
It could be argued that if the organizers had more time to plan and if the word had gotten out to more people that the turnout would have been higher but considering the circumstances everyone involved in planning and executing the rally can be very proud of what they accomplished.
 
I feel this course of action was noticed by Infinity Broadcasting.  Whether this results in the oldies format returning to 101.1 in New York or 104.3 FM in Chicago remains to be seen. 
 
The ratings have not come out yet and the first book will not help determine the success or lack of concerning Jack.  It will take a number of months before those in power can decide if what they did was right or not from a business standpoint.
 
Chances are that whatever happens Infinity will not return oldies to the air in either city although in radio anything can happen.   
   
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 

Did Oldies Have to End in New York and Chicago?

By Larry Stoler

On Friday, June 3, 2005, the oldies format ended on WCBS FM in New York and WJMK in Chicago.  WCBS FM had been programming oldies 24 hours a day since 1972.  WJMK offered oldies to the Chicago market beginning in 1984.

 
Many well known personalities worked on both stations.  When you tuned into WCBS FM, you could hear Cousin Brucie who first became well known when he worked at WABC when it was a music station.
 
Harry Harrison who originally began his successful career in Peoria, Illinois was heard mornings from 1980 till 2,003 when he left the station.  He returned to do Saturday mornings in October of last year.
 
Some of the other broadcasters who became friends to the New York audience were Bill Brown, Bobby Jay, Bob Shannon and Don K Reed among many others who graced the microphone at 101.1.
 
On WJMK, two great Chicago radio legends were heard.  Dick Biondi who is well remembered from his days at WLS and WCFL.  Fred Winston who was also heard on WLS.  Greg Brown and Paul Perry were also part of the air staff in addition to many others throughout the station's 21 year history.
 
Although both stations made adjustments in the playlist and delivery of the presentation, they were both doing well in the Arbitron ratings and saw appreciable revenue as a result.
 
The announcers were not informed that a change would be made and their services would no longer be needed until an hour before the music and direction changed. They were not given a chance to say goodbye to the audience that had supported them for many years.
 
What was heard instead of oldies is a concept called Jack.  Jack began about three years ago in Canada.  It consists of a playlist of 1,200 songs which covers the last 4 decades. 
 
Jack has become the radio industry's response to the growing trend of listeners subscribing to XM and Sirius the two satellite radio companies and buying iPods.  An iPod allows you to download thousands of songs and in a sense put your own playlist together.
 
In between songs, a voice is heard saying things like "This is Jack FM.  Playing what we want.  Another statement by the voice of Jack said "don't tell us what to play.  We determine the boundaries."
 
This is a very different approach and direction for both stations.  No deejays and no news, traffic and weather reports are broadcast.  This is a juke box with commercials.
 
If I was a casual listener, I would be insulted by the statements being made between songs.  It's as if to say at Jack FM we don't care about you.  You don't matter to us.  If that is the case then why bother listening?
 
   What made oldies work in New York and Chicago was not just the music.  It was personalities that talked to the listeners and not at them.  This is an art that for the most part has disappeared on the radio in America.
 
The argument has been made that oldies as a concept can not be sold to the 25 to 54 demographic.  This is the age range that ad agencies and potential advertisers believe respond most often to commercials and as a result buy the products being advertised.
 
This way of thinking is being pushed in many cases by people that are below the desired age group.  They work in these agencies and think they are experts at media buying when they don't have a clue about how to work with a devoted audience that cares about what comes out of their radio.
 
One thing these "know it alls" should be reminded is that the population of the United States is getting older and they have disposable income.  They make and spend money and buy many products that they hear about on the radio.
 
  In an attempt to get to the 25/54 demographic, oldies stations around the country started taking a current approach to the format.  In other words they would play music mostly from the 60s and 70s and put a typical morning show on the air with a team that would talk about reality TV programs or do ridiculous gimmicks.
 
It never made sense to me when stations went in this direction.  The audience that listened didn't care about what was on TV currently.  They wanted to go back to a time when the songs they were listening to first became hits.  They also didn't want to be talked down to on the air.  They wanted information and a positive approach in the morning which is what they grew up with on top 40 radio.
 
The music became very repetitious.  The playlist was limited which caused many to tune out.
 
Oldies is not like other types of radio.  A station that offers this music should spotlight the history of rock and roll.  About 3,000 songs should be played in rotation.  Much of the music can be found by looking at the top 100 of each year from the 1950s on.
 
     Another thing that happened was the contests and promotions became very bland.  Instead of using the phones and station websites and doing live remotes, radio stations started giving away movie tickets if you were the correct number caller.  Anyone can do that.
 
Over the past couple of years, stations began to drop the term "oldies."  They felt the use of this term was causing people to leave because oldies meant old.
 
If you talk to the average person about music from the past 30 to 50 years, you will notice that it is still called oldies.  I don't know anyone that becomes offended by that term.  Do you?  I doubt it.
 
This is a time when radio needs to stand out.  Oldies by its nature presents the perfect opportunity for this to take place.
 
The idea is to make the listeners feel that if they turn off the radio, they will be missing something.  This does not mean "shock jocks" or relevant morning shows.
 
What is still needed at oldies stations are exciting personalities along with a live up tempo approach that is oriented to the community being served 24 hours a day.
 
The audience that was served in New York and Chicago have created a strong backlash to the recent change to Jack.  Many are keeping lists of advertisers that are heard on the air.  They are contacting various businesses urging them not to support a station that would fire many legendary deejays and not inform the audience that a change was about to take place.
 
The things people object to are first that the music is not available on their favorite radio station, second that they were not allowed to thank the announcers that became their friends for a long time, and Infinity's arrogant, unfeeling, and cavalier approach to their listeners.
 
Many of the songs from the 60s and 70s are now being streamed on www.wcbsfm.com and www.wjmk.com.  This is an attempt to quiet the people that disagree with what has happened.
 
Many people that listened to both stations are not on the Internet.  Also this does not substitute the identity that the audience had with the voices they heard on the air every day.
 
In Chicago, WRLL 1690 AM offers the Real Oldies format.  This brings music from the 50s till 1964 to the audience.  Unfortunately anything after that is pretty much ignored.
 
In New York, nobody is playing the hits of the 50s, 60s, or 70s on a consistent basis.
 
I feel that the oldies format has many years to go and this decision was made in a very hasty way.
 
I hope that if an alternative is not found that oldies will return to both WCBS FM and WJMK and that the personalities.

Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net 


What Radio Really Needs
By Larry Stoler

Over the past several months, many articles have been written and surveys have been done regarding the state of radio in America.  This concern has come up throughout radio's history except this time, the competition comes from different sources.

 
In the 1950's, the future of radio was in doubt as television became a part of the American culture.  Network radio's future was threatened as the habits of the audience began to change.
 
In 1955, Monitor began on NBC radio.  It was a weekend program which consisted of music and special features, reports and commentaries on a variety of subjects.  It was created by then NBC President Sylvester L. "Pat" Weaver who also invented the Today and the Tonight show.  Monitor was an immediate success.  It ran for 20 years and to this day is credited as saving the radio network.
 
Radio has had other threats to its existence over the years.  As inventions such as the Walkman entered our lives, many questioned whether traditional over the air broadcasting would survive and guess what, it did.
 
Today satellite radio has entered the landscape.  Two companies, (XM and Sirius,) offer subscribers many channels full of all kinds of music much of which has been ignored by commercial and even non commercial radio in America.
 
Both satellite services have also begun to hire well known names such as Howard Stern and Opie and Anthony.  XM has an 11 year agreement to broadcast major league baseball.  Sirius has the NFL and their is more to come for both companies as the competition increases.
 
As a result of brilliant marketing through commercial free music channels and making people believe they are getting more diversity many are willing to pay monthly for something they got for free for years as long as they supported the station they listened to and the advertisers that were on the air.
 
Internet radio is listened to by more people than ever before.  Despite the Recording Industry Association of America's successful attempt to demand that radio stations pay massive amounts of money for making their programming available online, the choices via the net increase and as such are available to a wider audience all over the world.
 
The examples I mentioned are only a few of the ever increasing sources people have for obtaining music and information at a faster rate every day.
 
How is the industry reacting?  In my opinion, much time is being wasted by creating formats with ridiculous names such as Jack, Bob, Frank, Dave, and now Ben.  They all say they are "playing what _we want."  Who is the we they keep referring to?  Does the we mean only people that were contacted by a research firm or is it an example of imaging being done for the wrong reasons?
 
It's okay to offer a wide variety of music but if you don't know the artists and titles, what does it matter.
 
  The formats are not being promoted with good sounding jocks or live remotes or audience involvement by phone or station websites.  Instead you hear things like don't call the request line.  We don't have one.  You're just a listener.  How is that going to help what you are after when building an audience.  This approach is telling the listener that they are not worth anything and their opinion doesn't matter.
 
Another thing is that many stations tell you what they are not instead of what they are.  Remember the days of no rock, no rap and no sleepy elevator music?  That is what the station doesn't want to be.  Now what is the station in question all about?  What kind of music is emphasized every day?  What will the audience hear when they tune in?  I don't know. 
 
Recently the industry launched a $28 million campaign to tell people through messages from many performers that they got their start and became famous as a result of radio.  I think to the average person when they hear this they will think so what or who cares.  it doesn't make people excited about this great medium.
 
So much of what is available on the AM and FM dial is "reality oriented."  This is done through morning shows where they talk about reality TV or what the team has to do when they get off the air or gossip about who slept with who.
 One of the things that got so many of us interested in radio were the announcers that made it larger than life and they were positive on the air.  Much of what is permitted or accepted as the norm on the air would not have even been considered years ago.
 
When I turn on the radio I don't care about the problems someone in a morning team is having.  One day I heard a couple of people talk about how they had to go home and moe the lawn.  How does knowing that fact affect my life or anyone else's?  It really doesn't.  It's just another example of reality radio.
 
The demographic argument has become extremely nitched.  This became apparent to me recently while reading an  interview with the program director of a station in New Jersey who decided to change the focus of a weekly oldies show.  The show had been 70's based with a countdown from a specific year each week.
 
The decision was made to drop the concentration on the 70's and play requests from the 60's through the 80's.
 
In the article, it was stated that the core audience  the station was after was 35 to 45 years.  What's next?  Maybe a format for people aged 25 to 26 that would be for adult women who sit on the right side of the front seat of the car.
 
The point is this.  What happened to going after everybody?  The purpose is to get the most people possible to listen to a station so more advertisers will buy time and the ad rates can increase.
 
I have also noticed a concentration on the 9 AM to 5 PM office audience.  What happened to the rest of the broadcast day?  I thought the belief was you were not supposed to pay attention to the radio when you are at work.  I guess instead you have it on in the background just enough so you will be able to write down information about what you listened to in an Arbitron diary.
 
I attended a conference on what it takes to get music played on the air.  One of the participants mentioned a station that does a "specialty show" on Sunday nights where rarely heard bands are featured.
 
One of the panelists said that it didn't matter on Sunday nights because people are watching television.  It used to be that the industry cared about good content 24 hours a day.  Now after seven o'clock the assumption is that everyone is on the Internet or watching TV or exploring other sources for entertainment.  This is wrong.
Stations might as well sign off at night based on that logic.
 
Those are just a few of the decisions and perceptions that have contributed to the way radio sounds today and why listeners are going to alternatives as mentioned earlier.
 
This is what I think needs to be done in order for things to change and ultimately make radio worth listening to again.
 
(1) Although music selection and the number of songs played is important remember it's what goes on between the songs that also matters.  Make the station sound exciting around the clock.  Stop the practice of voice-tracking from a different location.  This does not make a station sound like it cares about the area it is supposed to serve.
 
Radio's biggest advantage and potential draw when done right is that it can be live and local.  This concept needs to return to the air right away.
 
(2) Radio should be looked at as an escape from what the average person has to deal with every day.  Make the morning shows sound positive and market them that way.  Get away from inside jokes, discussions about reality TV shows, etc.  Cut back on the reality approach and make it fun to tune in.
(3) Promote the station constantly through audience involvement on the phone, through the website, at live remotes and other appearances.
(4) Stop the $28 million campaign I mentioned earlier.  In the end, it won't matter and people will forget about it.
(5) Pay attention to the entire broadcast day.  Make a station sound as exciting at 10 PM as it would if the audience tuned in at 7 AM.  Do everything necessary  to get people to leave the radio on at night.  It is just as important as during the day.
 
(6) Drop the Jack, Bob, Ben and other names that don't mean a thing.  Use call letters and tell people what the station is all about.
 
What I have suggested takes a lot of work but the end result will be worth it.  The listeners will talk in a positive way about radio.  The ratings will increase, the sales people will be able to charge more for commercials and a good bottom line will result.
 
The idea is not to panic.  Realize and accept the fact that Satellite Radio, the Internet, iPods and other ways to obtain music and information are hear to stay.  They are not going away.
 
You can't "fight fire with fire."  Realize radio's strengths and use them.
 
Radio is not dead but in order to insure the future growth of it, these suggestions and others should be considered and ultimately added to the overall sound and presentation.
        
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 


Radio in 2,004-An Overview
By Lawrence Stoler

It is the end of the year.  A time when we look back at our accomplishments and what we hope to achieve in the up coming 12 months.

 
Let's look at what has happened regarding radio during the past year and where the industry stands at this point.
 
During the year many of the patterns and concepts that have existed for a long time on the AM and FM dial remained the same.  In the case of music radio, the morning teams continued to talk down to the audience all over the country.  They also perfected the art of being able to talk for long periods of time on the air and say nothing in the process.  They kept laughing in a very forceful way at inside jokes that didn't matter to most people and talked non stop about reality television shows, who was sleeping with who, etc.
 
Most attempts at being funny went on to long.  The phone scams, war of the roses and so forth sounded staged and dull at best.
 
The overall purpose of many morning shows continued to be negative and stupid across America.
 
The rest of the day on music stations for the most part was filled with people who read the same liners over and over and did not bother to have any real contact with the audience they were supposed to serve.
 
The direction of some formats changed in 2,004.  This particularly happened at oldies stations.  Many started moving into the 70s musically and dropped the hits of the 50s.  An attempt was made to make the oldies concept sound more contemporary in approach by bringing in morning teams and the points I mentioned earlier.
 
They missed the point of oldies radio.  When listening to rock and roll, people do not think about what they have to do today.  They like to go back to a time when the songs they are hearing first became hits.  That is the approach this format should take.  Making an oldies station sound current does not work.
 
Playlists on music stations remained as restricted and tight as ever.  That never seems to change especially on Adult Contemporary stations.
 
Voice tracking continued up and down the dial.  This was especially true in the evening after 7 o'clock and during most of the weekend.
 
Some of the voices heard originated from other parts of America not even where the station was located.
 
Talk radio continued on with a lack of humor during this year.  Whatever your point of view was on political matters, you could be sure that most hosts would tell you that one side is always right and the other is wrong.  Wouldn't it be interesting if everything in life worked that way.  In reality, it doesn't and not every issue can be explained or solved in 30 second sound bites.
 
     I am not saying that important issues should not be pursued on the air.  I do feel that many national hosts have forgotten how to be entertaining and use humor only when they want to make fun of a person's point of view or life style.
 
I miss the days where true intelligent discussion and all sides of an issue were heard on commercial talk stations.
 
People were put on the air nationally who did not work their way up in the business.  In other words, they were just given the position without any previous radio experience.  This is unfair to many who are trying to get a break in an industry that never had any job security and certainly does not now.
 
  The pattern of giving someone with a name a national show without previous experience does not happen in other fields.  For example, in baseball, people that make it to the majors worked in other cities or in farm clubs before they were discovered and given an opportunity to play for a good salary in a bigger part of the country.
 
Why is it different in radio where standards that used to exist seem to be disappearing.  In the past, you did everything in a small station and worked your way into a medium and hopefully a major market.  The cluster mentality along with other factors have taken those opportunities away.
 
Big companies continued to purchase as many properties as possible which did away with local programming during many parts of the day and in many cases for the entire broadcast week.
 
I think many of the decisions this year were made by people who were scared to do anything different or try something new on the air.  In many cases, radio has not moved foreword since the 80s.
 
The most significant things that happened concerning radio this year took place from competition outside the regular industry.  Satellite radio branched out and became stronger and more viable.
 
XM and Sirius, the two satellite companies originally began with the idea of providing more music and choices than what exists on commercial radio today.  This year, important decisions were made by both companies.
 
XM Radio hired Opie and Anthony and gave them their own channel.  They were let go by Infinity Broadcasting over two years ago for the incident in a Catholic church in New York, City where a couple had sex on the air.
 
XM made a deal to provide live broadcasts of major league baseball for 11 years.
 
Sirius Satellite Radio hired Howard Stern who will move from Infinity to the company in January 2,006 when his contract ends.  They also started broadcasting the NFL and college games.
 
The types of music broadened on both services and they announced that all music channels would be commercial free.
 
After leaving Viacom/Infinity as their Chairman, Mel Karmazin was named the new CEO of Sirius.  This is another significant step in the growth of the company and this service.
 
XM has 3.1 million subscribers while Sirius has surpassed its goal of signing a million by the end of the year.
 
It was announced recently that Internet radio has 19 million people listening to it.  This despite the fact that the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) continues to charge licensing fees to radio stations that stream their product live.  Many stations still offer their programming on the net.
 
I-Pods grew in popularity.  An I-Pod allows you to be able to carry about 10,000 songs on your belt while you go through your normal daily routine.
 
This growth received national publicity a few weeks ago on Sunday morning with Charles Osgood on CBS television.  The first few minutes of the program highlighted this subject.
 
Duke University entered into a marketing agreement where the Freshman class was given free I-Pods.  They could carry an entire library of music with them from that point on.
 
More ways to obtain music and information became part of the normal way of living this year and yet radio refuses to acknowledge or take these threats to its existence seriously.
 
Some have predicted that radio is dead or will die soon.  I don't believe that.  Radio still has a purpose however I do think now more than ever, it is time for the industry to take a serious look at itself and where it intends to go.
 
One of radio's strong points that can not necessarily be achieved to the fullest extent on satellite radio is localism.  In other words, being out and active in the community.  Being at the scene of an important event at a moment's notice and providing necessary information to the residents of where a station is licensed to broadcast.  The industry has to resume this practice of being community active.
 
Radio has to go back to providing information after 8:30 AM during the week or in the evening after #7 and on weekends too.  Not every area of the country has a 24 hour all news station within hearable range.
 
Music stations have to become exciting to listen to again.  The bland approach that has taken over has to end.  People have to feel they are part of the station and they don't want to turn off the radio because they might miss something.
 
I don't mean so called shock jocks when I say this.  Radio can be positive, fun, creative and funny when done right.  We saw this for years on top 40 stations.  This has to return again.
 
Playlists have to be broadened.  On Oldies stations for example, play more than the same tired 300 songs.  Don't ignore the hits.  Just add more and make the approach sound up and worth listening to.
 
Cut back on the number of morning shows that use or insult people and have to many voices involved with them on the air.  Make the bits shorter if you have to go that way and do away with forced laughter, inside jokes and the examples I mentioned earlier.
 
Their is a significant audience that does not necessarily want locker room humor when they first get up in the morning.  Give them information and a voice worth listening to when they turn on the radio.
 
Shorten the amount of time commercial breaks run each hour.  Do like Bill Drake, the late Rick Sklar who programmed WABC when it was a music station  and others used to do.  Spread the commercials out during the hour.  Forget the long endless interruptions at 10 minutes before the hour.  People look at these long breaks that way.  They are commercials but people feel like the music or whatever they are listening to has stopped and they look for something different to hear.
 
You can still sell the products and do it just as successfully if you change the way you do it and shorten the length of each break.
 
Talk radio needs to be less nasty and negative in its approach.  Remember most issues can not be successfully explained in a few seconds.
 
Hire experienced broadcasters on music and talk stations.  Bring in people that know the market and how to successfully communicate with the audience they are supposed to reach.
 
Finally, take a little time and program from the gut without so much research.  You will find when doing this that you will produce a radio station that people will become excited about and tell their friends.  This will result in higher ratings and more successful sales.
 
When was the last time a station excited you?  If you are like me and you have listened to so many different formats for years, it has been a long time since that has happened.
 
I hope in 2,005 that someone will step forward and be willing to do whatever is necessary to make radio exciting to listen to.  It can be done.
 
The emergence of XM, Sirius, the Internet and other forces can be looked at as a good thing for radio.  Now is the time where if done right, radio will receive the attention and enthusiasm it needs to move forward and turn more people on to it.  This has to be done now or I dread to think what could happen to a great industry in a few years.
 
The bottom line is this.  The audience and the industry deserve better than what passes for good radio these days.
 
              
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 

Radio and the Election

by Lawrence Stoler


Now that the 2,004 election is history, let's look at how radio handled it
 
Most FM stations around the country did not broadcast any of the debates live.  This is because many do not have a working news department after 7 PM.  In fact if an important story takes place after 8:30 AM or on weekends, you won't hear about it on most commercial FM stations.
 
Many stations treated the election as if nothing was taking place.  They continued their regular programming on the night of November 2nd.  Those that did or had the staff   only provided brief updates about what was going on.  This despite the fact that the voter turnout overall was higher than ever and this was constantly referred to as "the most important election of our lifetime."
 
If you lived in an area that had an all news station or a talk station that cared to provide information on a continuous basis, this wasn't a problem.  If not you were out of luck unless you had a National Public Radio (NPR) affiliate in hearable range.  Even then having an NPR station in your area didn't necessarily guarantee that they would cover the election either.
 
The lack of coverage during most dayparts is nothing new to radio.  This started years ago when stations began to cut the size of news departments because they were expensive to maintain and many in charge felt the audience that listened to music stations didn't care what was going on especially after Morning Drive.
 
The best example occurred on September 11, 2,001.  Even though we didn't expect this terrible tragedy to happen on that day, most stations did not have the manpower necessary to provide proper radio coverage.  Many resorted to TV audio for reports.
 
One example that stood out in my mind was in New York when a major FM station had to go to WLW in Cincinnati, Ohio to get a feed.  This amazed me.  The events were taking place right in their back yard and they didn't have a crew to broadcast what was going on.  This was terrible considering that most people listen to FM on regular over the air radio.  They needed up to the minute information that day and despite the technical capability stations outside New York couldn't provide on the spot split second reports.
 
Many news talk stations couldn't always broadcast live election reports.  Even though they pattern themselves as "News Talk", they too have lessened the size of their news departments.  This I find hard to understand on issue oriented talk radio stations.
 
Many talk stations claim to have experienced an increase in their overall audience size.  They say it was due to the election.  This is not really the case. 
 
The election was and remains an important topic but stations began concentrating on this especially the Presidential race months before November.  Many nationally syndicated talk show hosts put the vast majority of their efforts towards the outcome.  In other words, the increase was not because of election night but months before that.
 
The lack of importance given by many radio stations to November 2nd is another example where radio became a second class medium.  Most people if they wanted current developments turned to TV.  They watched the 24 hour cable news channels or ABC, NBC and CBS.  Unfortunately radio was the furthest thing from their mind and the industry only has itself to blame.
 
Their are many sources for news and information and they continue to increase.  AM and FM still has its place and it always will.  All news stations continue to make money and maintain a large audience.
 
The problem is that as the sources for information increase and become easier to access, the more the audience will decline on both AM and FM.  It may not happen right away but eventually people may begin to wonder why they need regular radio when they can go to any number of places and get what they are looking for and at a quicker pace.
 
One of radio's greatest strengths is localism or being involved in the community they broadcast from.  This has been forgotten in favor of cost cutting or providing syndicated programming.
 
XM and Sirius, the two satellite radio services offer local traffic and weather.  This is important but they can not bring you what's happening in your town the way a station licensed to the area you live in can.
 
The attitude that the audience doesn't care about what's going on during most of the broadcast day needs to change.  The high turnout on Tuesday, November 2nd, proves that fact. 
 
Music stations need to make news a priority in their schedule.  They need to begin to bring newscasts to their audience after 8:30 AM and on weekends.  The world doesn't stop after the morning show ends.
 
I am not saying that music stations should constantly talk about what's going on in the world.  They can however update the audience during other parts of the broadcast day.
 
In most markets, it is hard to find a commercial FM station that provides news after 7 PM.  This is because of voice tracking or programming which in many cases originates from other parts of the country.  It's also because of nationally syndicated hosts that have no involvement with the local area and don't care to.
 
The decline in informing the public is an insult to the intelligence of the listeners.  This should not be taking place at a time when radio needs to differentiate itself from other media.
 
More news coverage is one of many ways which when put in place will make radio standout and will give it the proper respect it deserves by the audience.
 
Lawrence Stoler
   
 
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net


 

 

 

A Great Day in New York

by Lawrence Stoler

 
On Friday September 10, 2004, I attended a four hour program at the Museum of Television and Radio in New York, City.  The participants were Max Kinkel along with special guests Dan Ingram and Joe Franklin.
 
The program came about as the result of a Fourth of July broadcast which featured Max Kinkel AKA SuperMax on WODI in Brookneal, Virginia.  Tony DeNicola, one of the owners of the radio station, arranged for this broadcast to take place.  Tony along with his son Brian met Max Kinkel during a board shift at a Christian radio station in New York City.
 
The show was a live six hour recreation of CKLW the big 8 in Windsor, Ontario complete with some of the original jingles from the days of the Drake format on that station.  Max Kinkel did the nighttime shift as SuperMax in the 1970s.  The program was heard live on WODI and was streamed over the station's website.
 
In addition to CKLW, Max did overnight radio for 13 years on WCBS FM the oldies station in New York, City.  He brought high ratings to a daypart where this achievement was not known to happen.  At CBS FM, he became the Max Man.  He combined oldies along with high energy and listener interaction on the phone.  It was truly great radio.
 
 After WCBS FM, he moved to WXRK (k-rock) in New York City where he did classic rock in the overnight hours until the station changed format in 1996.
 
Later, Max brought his unique style and personality to the talk format.  He was successful perfecting his way of doing talk on WEVD in New York and WLIE on Long Island.
 
Max has done many voiceovers for many years.  He is heard on many well known national accounts.
 
At the museum, Max talked about his career and played airchecks of his days doing personality radio.  He also did a tribute to the anniversary of September 11th since this took place the day before.  He had some interesting theories about 911 which he expressed to all of us.
 
Max is launching a website which will highlight his talents in commercials and all the different kinds of radio he has done.  www.supermaxradio.com is the website. 
 
Dan Ingram also stopped by during the program.  He had just returned after celebrating his 70th birthday with one of his children in Salt Lake City.
 
Big Dan worked at such stations as WNHC in New Haven, Connecticut, KBOX in Dallas, Texas, WIL in St. Lewis and of course music radio 77 WABC in New York from July, 1961 till May, 1982.  That was when the station changed format from music to talk.
 
Big Dan also worked weekends on WCBS FM from October, 1991 till June, 2,003 when he left after the station tried to cut his air time down to once a week along with his salary.
Although he still does commercials and says he enjoys retirement, he is missed on the air.
 
Dan Ingram may be 70 in age but you wouldn't know it when listening to him.  He still is as funny, creative and spontaneous as ever.  If he was on the air today, he still could make any radio station sound great.
 
Dan talked up several songs and added some very funny one liners in his usual 10 seconds or less delivery.  As always with Big Dan, you had to get through part of the song till you figured out what he was trying to say with his jokes.  That's one of the many things I admire about him.
 
Another guest was the legendary Joe Franklin.  Joe was one of the first to do live talk and interviews with many famous people on Channel Seven and later Channel Nine in New York, City.  He also brought his many talents to radio.
 
He hosted Joe Franklin's Memory Lane on WOR in New York from the late 60s till June 27, 2004.  He turned many of us on to nostalgia and made us aware of many performers that are not heard these days.
 
Although Joe ended his weekly overnight show, he is working on some projects which hopefully will put him back on the air soon.  As he said when he ended Memory Lane on WOR, "to be continued."
 
It was an honor to be in the same room with three true radio greats which I have always followed and have admired.  Imagine someone you have always looked up to and having the chance to not only be in the same room but to meet that person or persons in this case.  It is a day I will never forget. 

Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net


How will Radio be Perceived in Five Years
By Lawrence Stoler

 
There are many sites on the Internet that salute the medium of radio.  You can browse the web and listen to everything from top 40 radio of the 60's and 70's to original broadcasts from the 1940's.
 
One of the sites is a tribute to NBC Monitor.  Monitor was a program that ran every weekend on hundreds of affiliated NBC radio stations from June, 1955 till January, 1975.  The website is www.monitorbeacon.com.  It contains a history of the program plus a photo album and audio clips which are updated monthly.  Dennis Hart, a long time broadcaster and listener of the program maintains the site.
 
I was reading the guestbook on the Monitor tribute site the other day and I noticed that many entries came from people that worked behind the scenes to make sure the program ran every weekend.  It also contained observations from people that would listen while driving on a dark country road late at night or in their parent's car or at home.  People have fond memories of that 20 year show.
 
The same holds true regarding classic top 40 radio.  Richard Irwin AKA Uncle Ricky, has had a tribute site for this great period in radio since 1996.  It contains exhibits and collections that you can click on and experience what that format was all about.  He updates the site with new submissions every week.  He does not make money on this project.  People contribute because they want to see this portion of radio history preserved as does Uncle Ricky.  At this point, over 1,300 exhibits exist on www.reelradio.com.
 
 So much has changed in the way decisions are made and what passes for good radio today.  This is especially true since the Telecommunications Act of 1996.  In so many cases, it has come down to a few companies owning everything in many markets.  This has resulted in much less local involvement and generic formats everywhere. The closeness that people felt about radio does not exist today.  People still remember top 40 stations and shows like Monitor for example.  People still tell stories about having the transistor radio under the pillow late at night and listening to their favorite station or maybe a distant signal that they happened to pick up while dialing around. 
 
The audience also remembers going to see their favorite dj at a live broadcast or when that person appeared at a concert.  They also remember when their favorite song was played on the air.
 
Where does radio stand today and what will people remember in five years?  Will they think of a morning team that talked down to them or did inside jokes about the station all morning or talked about reality television?  How about that liner card reader that was not permitted to say the title and artist of anything being played and was voice tracked from a different part of the country. Will they remember when a broadcaster appeared live to go on the air for two minutes a couple of times an hour to promote an event? 
 
Will people years from now be able to recite the call letters or slogan of a station that repeated 2 or 300 songs over and over in rotation?
 
Will anyone remember a talk show that discussed the same topics and played the tired old sound bites every day?
 
Years from now when we look back at this portion of the 21st century, I don't think people will fondly remember radio the way they still relate to what was on the air 40 years ago.
 
We are now in a time where many sources exist to obtain music and information.  XM Satellite Radio for example has passed 2 million subscribers and they did it in a relatively short time.  People are now willing to pay a monthly fee for something they got for free in the past.  The amount of alternatives to regular over the air radio increases all the time.
 
Now more than ever, the broadcast industry has to make radio stand out.  Radio has to stop being negative on the air.  It has to stop treating the listener like they are not worth anything.  Decisions to voice track whenever possible have to end.  It may save money but it has gotten out of hand.  
 
Talent has to be hired that can make a station exciting.  The goal has to be to make people feel they would be missing something if they turn off the radio.  This does not mean shock jock formats.  I realize an audience exists for that kind of radio but that too has gone to far.
 
I do not agree with the government getting involved in matters of indecency on the air.  I think the audience will determine that by whether or not they will listen to the station airing the material.  I do feel however that we need a choice on the air regarding approach to the listeners.  In other words, you have to spend money to make money.
 
Clear Channel Radio has announced that as of next year, they will lessen the number of commercials and promotional announcements that will be aired in the average broadcast hour.  This is a good move however I feel the problem was not the number of commercials but the way they were distributed over the air.  In other words, playing 5, 6 or 7 minutes of spots in a row is to much.  They should have been spread out throughout the hour as Bill Drake used to do.  On KHJ in 1965, the average break could not exceed 70 seconds.  This has been forgotten.
 
Radio stations can still make money by playing commercials at different times of the hour and a few at a time.
 
This is a positive step but more needs to be done.  If not radio could suffer a fate it doesn't deserve in the next several years.  I hope that doesn't happen.
 
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 

 

Is Satellite Radio a Threat?

By Lawrence Stoler

 

Radio has come a long way since the invention of the crystal set and the early days of KDKA and WGN.
 
Today, thousands of stations exist all over America with a variety of programs and formats to choose from.
 
Right now, one of the most significant developments since separate programming began on FM is taking place.  It is satellite radio.
 
The two companies that offer satellite radio are NEW York based Sirius and XM located in Washington, D.C. Both companies began planning for this development to take place in the '1990s.
 
XM was the first to launch in the fall of 2001.  Sirius followed later.
 
XM had an advantage over Sirius because by launching earlier it gave them time to market their product and channel lineup.  They started advertising on commercial radio.  In other words, they did a lot of marketing.
 
Sirius was the first to offer 100% commercial free music channels on their streams.  XM began the practice in the early part of this year.
 
Today, both services provide many different kinds of music.  They present music that has been ignored or is no longer heard on regular over the air radio as well as popular titles and artists.
 
XM Satellite radio provides 68 commercial free music channels.  They also have 33 channels of news, sports, talk and entertainment.  In addition, 21 channels of instant traffic and weather are offered to subscribers
 
Sirius provides over 60 channels of commercial free music along with 50 channels of sports, news and entertainment.
 
Both services use sources such as CNBC and Fox News among others to inform their subscribers about what's going on in the world.  They both get sports news from ESPN radio
 
A variety of payment plans exist for satellite radio.  Many different types of receivers can be purchased for use in the car, the truck or at home.
 
Good overall marketing has benefited both XM and Sirius.  The amount of people that have subscribed has grown.  XM currently has 2 million while Sirius has a quarter of a million and is rapidly growing.
 
The original purpose of satellite radio was to offer more choices of music than what currently exists on the AM and FM dial.  Recently, a number of talk channels have been added to both services.  You can hear a diversity of views ranging from Alan Colmes and Air America on Sirius left to Laura Ingram on XM.  The talk streams are not commercial free.
 
Over the past few months, Sirius and XM began presenting local traffic and weather for many markets around the country.  The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) has challenged this decision.  They maintain that the purpose of both companies was to offer nationally distributed programming, not local content.  They hope to convince the FCC to stop XM and Sirius from continuing this practice.
 
 I feel that the NAB is wasting their time worrying about whether XM or Sirius violated their original agreements.  I think instead they should be concentrating on the reasons for the growth of this new expanding service.
 
If you ask the average person why they are purchasing equipment for satellite radio, they will tell you that they get more music and that too many commercials exist on the radio. It is important to point out that people will pay for something that they used to get for free as long as they listened to their favorite stations and supported the advertisers.
 
The problem is not the amount of commercials.  it is the way they are done.  In other words, most stations these days present many commercials that last a long time.  They usually start at approximately 10 minutes before the hour and continue for several minutes.  This causes people to tune away or turn the radio off.
 
Many successful top 40 stations in the '60s and '70s did not allow long commercial brakes during regular programming.  Bill Drake, a well known Program Director never let a set of commercials go beyond 70 seconds when he consulted Boss Radio 93 KHJ in 1965 and beyond.
 
I think we have to return to spreading out commercials throughout any given hour of the broadcast day.  This will not decrease the amount of money a station or cluster will make.  It will keep people tuned in waiting for their favorite song.
 
As far as local traffic and weather are concerned, the charges the NAB makes against XM and Sirius are not true.  Many cities and towns are not served by either satellite provider when this information is dispensed. 
 
Traffic and weather on satellite radio has not forced commercial radio to cut back on information especially during the morning hours.  This will not happen.
 
People brought XM and Sirius into their lives because they got tired of hearing the same 2 or 300 songs played over and over again.  They want and they get a broader playlist.  Both services offer over a million titles in their libraries.
 
The fact that the NAB is worrying about this new technology is proof that the effect of growth is beginning to be felt.  XM and Sirius will gain more subscribers and will make more money over the next several years.
 
Now is the time for radio to stand out.  One of the things radio has in its favor which a satellite service can not duplicate is localism.  In other words, community involvement and making the audience feel part of the overall listening experience.  This can not be done through voicetracking or in some cases no announcers on some channels on Sirius and XM.
 
  The formats, selection and overall presentation have to become more interesting and exciting on over the air radio.  Much of the industry today sounds bland.
 
The people that purchased receivers for satellite radio are not going back to AM or FM.  This does not mean that it can not be saved. On the contrary.  Many approaches and opportunities exist for radio to become a leader again.
 
 

 

May 4, 2004

Morning Radio -- A Definite Turnoff
By Lawrence Stoler

I woke up this morning ready to begin a new day.  The sun was shining and the birds were singing.  Everything was going well until I turned on the radio.

 
I only had a few minutes till I would have to leave my house.  I needed to know the weather.  I listened around the dial.  I heard shows hosted by several people or morning teams talking for over 5 minutes about nothing important.
 
After listening to several stations I finally heard the forecast however the people on the air said it so fast I missed it.  It seemed as if they just wanted to get needed information out of the way and go back to discussing reality TV shows or whatever the topic was at the moment.
 
The above illustration is an example of how morning radio sounds these days.  Situations like this seem to exist all over the United States on the AM and FM dial.
 
Morning radio or drive time is looked at as prime time for the broadcasting business.  In other words, you try to obtain and keep the maximum audience for your station.  You try to get the ratings to go as high as possible so you can increase the amount of money you charge potential advertisers to buy 30 or 60 second commercials.
 
Most shows are hosted by teams.  The teams consist of 2 or more people.  Quite often it is a man and a woman partnered together along with several other people.  This is not a new concept.  Teams go back to the 50's and 60's with people like Klavan and Finch on WNEW AM, Bob and Ray on WHN in New York among many others.  The only thing that has changed is the approach or what constitutes a good morning show.
 
One thing that most morning shows have in common is that they have perfected the concept of being able to talk to each other for 10 minutes and say nothing.  They seem to love to hear themselves when they are on the air.
 
Why do the teams of today go on and on about reality TV shows?  How much can or needs to be said about any television program?  They just keep going and going all morning along with listener phone calls to supposedly bring more to this boring topic. If you don't get the point of a TV show while it's on the air you won't understand it any better the next day as the result of listening to a morning show.
 
I think this topic is pushed because researchers and consultants believe this is the way you will get the 25-54 or the "money demo" to listen to your station.
 
When you keep going on about TV, you are endorsing another medium.  TV doesn't do this for radio unless it's a recognized personality or an event such as the recent launch of the liberal talk radio network or Air America on March 31 of this year. That received a lot of publicity on television.
 
Morning shows whether locally or nationally produced have people that talk and laugh about inside jokes at the radio station or put other members of the team down on the air.  People do not understand what you are talking about and they don't need to know the significance of what you are saying.  The things that go on off the air whether true or not don't concern the audience.
 
  Over the past several years a concerted effort has been taking place to make radio more reality oriented.  This  allows morning shows to go on the air and have the people doing them talk about themselves or their problems.
One day, I heard a guy on a team talk about the anxiety he was experiencing and he was taking medication to overcome the problem.  I am very understanding of his situation.  The only question is why do we need to know this.  If the man is going through anxiety or anything that would lead to him taking medication he should handle his situation off the air.
 
One day I heard a morning show where the host was complaining to his partner that he had to go home later that day and mow the lawn.  I know this has to be done but we don't need to hear about this especially on a music station.
 
Radio should be a means to escape reality.  It is show business.  The last thing people need while listening is to be reminded about things they have to do that day.  Radio is imagination.  Having people go on about their problems on a music station doesn't make the audience identify with you.  When was the last time the audience told a research group that they identify with the personal problems of a morning team?
 
Most morning shows have contests and games where prizes are given away.  One day I heard a couple of guys do a brain buster.  They would ask a question and you had to fill in the blank and win something.  The question was something like this.  Every morning 40% of all women do this;  You had to of course figure out what the "this" was that they were referring to.  This went on and on for about 40 minutes.  It wasn't only because they couldn't get the right answer from the calls they took.  It just dragged.  The two men slowly told us the question, played a little music underneath their voices and just kept the game moving slower and slower.
 
You can accomplish a game such as a brain buster and get the answer in a few minutes.  The audience doesn't have the time or the patience for this.  Forty minutes is too long.
 
Phone scams, phone taps or prank calls have become the norm in the morning.  This is where the host calls someone usually suggested by a  listener and speaks in a different voice.  The person doing the voice gets as weird as possible to see how the person on the phone will react.  Quite often this doesn't work that well or the bit is arranged and put together in advance.  It gets old after awhile.
 
Former KIIS morning man Rick Dees perfected the concept of prank calls a long time ago.  He called it Candid Phone and it was a lot funnier than the scams of today.
 
Another often used phone bit is called War of the Roses.  Hear is how it works.  You suspect your wife is in love with another man.  You contact your favorite morning show.  One of the members of the team contacts the man you think your wife is interested in.  The man on the phone is told he has won a dozen red roses from redroses.com.  This is being done he is told as a promotion for the website.  The man doing the call will help the person on the phone write a note to go with the flowers.  The person being called dictates a note saying he is in love with your wife. Meanwhile you are listening in and at some point the man being called gets caught and doesn't know what to do.  After that you hear four letter words being bleeped or taken off the air.  Obviously the bit was prerecorded, rehearsed in advance and above all, not funny.
 
One thing that Phone Scams and War of the Roses have in common.  They are so fake that even the laughter on the air from the host of the morning show sounds staged.
 
 Hear is an example of something that went to long.  I was listening one morning in February to a show where the team talked about the show Sex and the City.  They went on for about 12 minutes along with phone calls trying to figure out how the show would end.  The season was coming to a close.
 
At one point during the discussion, they put one of the team members on the air.  He said he was in a truck going to a listener's house to drop off a valentine.  He began to complain that he had to go to the bathroom.  The host suggested he go outside the station's truck.  We then were subjected to the sound of the man supposedly going to the bathroom. 
 
This brings up a few questions.  First, why when people are having breakfast do we need to know that the man has to go to the bathroom?  We could have gone all day without that revelation.
Second, Is this being done on the air to get a younger audience?  If so that's interesting when people keep talking about the 25-54 demographic in commercial radio as the audience to go after.
 
Why do we need so many voices on the air in the morning?  I think it's for any of the following reasons.
(1)  The consultant that oversees the programming on the station said it had to be done this way.
(2) The person being mentioned as the host of the show is unable to carry it on his own.
(3) Since everyone else in a given radio market is doing it, we have to also.  So much for originality.
 
I have listened to all kinds of radio all over America for over 45 years.  I realized a long time ago that if you can not be funny on the air in a short time, you're not.
 
The audience doesn't have time to listen to people that ramble on for 5 or 10 minutes.  They have to be out the door and arrive at work or school by a certain time. 
 
If I was stuck in traffic and had to listen to people talk and laugh about stupid things I would lose patience quickly.
 
Why are members of the morning show given stupid names like Sexy Barbara or Bob the Jerk or Weird Dave?  I guess that's another way to identify with the target audience or is it?
 
 I mentioned how hard it was to get a weather forecast.  It seems the idea of informing people about things they need to know isn't as important as the examples I mentioned earlier.  When a forecast is given, it is read very quickly and sometimes, you can't even find out what the weather will be for the following day.
Traffic reports have become nothing more than an image for the radio station.  Many places give reports every 5 or 6 minutes.  Traffic conditions don't change that frequently around the country even in the morning.  They do in some places, but not everywhere.
 
I realize it is very difficult to be funny 4 hours a day on the radio.  That being said, hear are some of my thoughts on how morning shows can sound better.
 
(1)  Put less voices on the air.  To many people on a team makes a show sound cluttered or unorganized and at times unprofessional.
(2)  Make the bits whether on or off the phone shorter in length.
(3)  Make the games or contests more interesting, exciting and make them move faster.
(4)  Quit the inside jokes or the put downs of other station employees.
(5) Inject a positive attitude.  Make the listeners feel it's worth getting up in the morning.
(6) Give people complete information about such things as news and weather.  Don't be in such a rush to finish it.  A few seconds longer won't make the listeners turn off the radio.  They will appreciate receiving needed information as they start the day.
(7) If you have to talk about reality TV, don't waste the entire morning doing it.  Assume that the audience saw the show the previous evening and understands what it's about.
 
Finally, their still is a place and a need for morning shows that do not insult your intelligence.  An audience does exist that enjoys radio that doesn't talk down to them.
 
You can promote a show that doesn't talk down to you through advertising it as something different or an alternative to the teams on the air.  The end result will be worth it.
Not everyone in America wants locker room humor or endless on air conversations about nothing.
 
Morning radio has come a long way over the years but it can and needs to get better.
 
Lawrence Stoler
 
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net


 

 

 

 

What's Wrong with Oldies Radio
By Larry Stoler

As I begin writing this article, I am listening to one of the many oldies stations that blanket America.  I notice that the music being played ranges from 1964 or 65 to the mid 1970s.  It wasn't always done this way.

 
The oldies concept was based around the idea of playing the hits from the history of rock and roll.  The first attempt at this type of radio came in the 1960s.
 
In 1966, the Federal Communications Commission, (FCC) required companies that owned AM and FM stations to begin providing at least 50% separate programming on FM.  This led to what became known as Progressive Rock or underground radio which was a reaction to the "counter culture" at the time and an alternative to the top 40 stations that were on AM.
 
Bill Drake, a well known radio programmer, was consulting stations for RKO General at the time.  He was overseeing KHJ, CKLW, WRKO and the former WOR FM among others.  He was sent to New York in 1967 to change WOR FM which at the time was one of the "underground stations that I mentioned above.  Drake had Boss Radio on the air on KHJ in Los Angeles since 1965 and it was very successful.  The format emphasized the music and took many of the traditional top 40 personality elements away.  The version that began in NY. in November of 1967 on WOR FM was called The Big Town Sound.  It concentrated on playing mostly oldies in the rotation. This would last for several years.
 
On July 7, 1972, WCBS FM in New York City changed from playing a mix of hits and album cuts to providing oldies 24 hours a day.  During the first few months, they concentrated on music from the 50s or doo wop songs.  In the Fall, the focus would shift to the 60s.  Later on many of the stations in the chain of CBS properties would go the same way
 
As the country changed, so did the music and stations people listened to in the 70s.  Disco entered the picture.  At the same time, the audience was slowly moving to FM.  The promotion for FM worked very well.  The idea of music with less commercials and beingable to hear a station during thunder storms and while driving under bridges worked among other factors.           
 
By the early 80s, many great AM top 40 stations were changing to talk.  The most famous of these changes took place on May 10, 1982 at 12 noon EST on WABC in New York.   Ron Lundy and Dan Ingram, two legendary djs did the last show on the station.  The final song was Imagine.  After that, a WABC jingle was heard followed by the chime-one of the many trademarks of its days as a music station.  This was followed by 5 seconds of silence and then the jingle which officially began Talk Radio 77.
 
By the mid 90s, the number of oldies stations increased in the United States.  The format was also being put together on a national basis.  United Stations of Unistar provided the Oldies Channel 24 hours a day for automated stations.  It contained several hundred songs which were played over and over along with djs from around the country. Other nationalized oldies concepts would appear on the radio dial.
 
Another thing that happened was that do to decisions being made by so called experts as far as programming goes, radio became fragmented.  People became more concerned about demographics rather than how to make a station stand out. This fragmentation came from to much research into a concept that didn't need it.  Oldies radio changed and many stations lessened the number of songs they would play.
 
 A good example is occurring right now on many of Infinity Broadcasting's radio stations that play oldies.  WCBS FM in New York, WOGL in Philadelphia, WOMC in Detroit to name a few.  In a recent article in the New York Daily News, Joe McCoy, Program Director of WCBS FM, confirmed that the station's playlist had been tightened and they were playing around 500 songs from 1964 to 1975. Variations of this are being done on other Infinity stations. 
 
Over the past couple of years, attempts have been made to remove "specialty shows" on Infinity oldies stations.  This was successful in New York as Soul of the City and Juke Box Saturday night, two shows that went further than the normal format were removed. 
 
A couple of years ago, the Do wop Shop, a show that was heard on Sunday nights for 27 years was canceled on CBS FM.  This show had a very devoted following especially considering so much of the music was recorded in New York.
 
WOGL tried to cancel their weekend specialty programs but the listeners protested enough so that the Sunday night do wop show was retained however the hours and number of songs were cut back.
 
I believe that Infinity ultimately would like to see the oldies concept removed from many of their radio properties.  Not only has the music tightened as far as selection but the approach has become bland.  So many of these stations were successful because they hired people that knew how to do personality radio.  They came from the time of top 40 stations.
 
In the 60s, people at different stations understood that they had to do something that would make people notice them.  They all played the same music so they couldn't all sound the same.
Unfortunately, that idea has changed in today's oldies radio.  They have people that either sound bored or are told to.
 
It also seems that Infinity has done everything to get away from the term oldies.  They refer to what they do as "Motown, Soul and Great Rock and Roll.  These are tricky terms.  Some of the music doesn't really apply but I guess in the minds of decision makers at Infinity, anything old is bad and everything new is good.  This despite the fact that everyone refers to the music as "oldies" and that doesn't bother people.
 
Many stations put people on the air who do not fit what they should be after.  They have taken what was supposed to be a very exciting kind of radio and made it pretty dull to listen to.
 
Clear Channel, the largest owner of radio stations in America, recently began the Real Oldies format on some of their AM stations.  This seems to consist of songs from the beginning of rock until the mid 60s.  They are playing things that Infinity, Cox and other companies are ignoring.  I'm glad someone is playing this music on the radio again.
 
The problem with Real Oldies just like the examples I mentioned earlier is the approach.  Some of the right people have been hired to do it but they sound tired and bored and I'm not sure it's their fault.  They are probably encouraged to sound this way.  This is unfortunate.
 
At this point, you could go anywhere in America, tune in an oldies station and hear the same 300 or so songs played over and over along with djs that read liner cards.  They are not encouraged to promote the station or the area they are broadcasting from.  Occasionally, you might hear something that might offer 600 songs or more if you are lucky.
 
The decision makers in radio today are to concerned about the 25-54 or "big money demo.  They think people older than that will not buy the products they advertise. They say the audience is aging and they do not want to appeal to them.
 
In reality, the country is aging.  This is a fact people better realize soon and act accordingly.
 
As the wrong decisions are being made, people are reacting by buying receivers for Satellite radio where they will get more music and pay for something they used to get for free. They feel they have more choices for music also.  This should be taken more seriously by station owners and programmers.
 
If Oldies radio disappears in the next few years, the industry only has itself to blame.
 
Now some of my thoughts on how to make an oldies station successful.
First of all, play at least 2,000 songs.  Go further back than 1964.  How can you program this kind of a station and ignore
early Elvis for example?
 
You can include selected songs from the 50s as well as the 80s and it will work.
 
Second: Do whatever is necessary to make your station sound similar to what the audience grew up listening to. This doesn't mean having the same contests as in the 60s.  Use everything to promote your station.   Keep the phones going 24 hours a day. Include the website in your promotion.  Do giveaways all the time.  Try things such as having people call and talk about where they were when they first heard a specific song or group.  If done the right way, it can be fun and interesting to listen to.
 
Another suggestion is to do exciting live broadcasts.  WMTR, a station that recently changed from adult standards to oldies, had an estimated 600 people show up at a car giveaway.  They each tried a key to see if the car would start.  Promotions like this have to be employed in your air sound.
 
Hire exciting djs.  Make the station sound up all the time so people will feel they will be missing something if they turn the radio off.
 
Eliminate voice tracking.  People know on a subconscious level that something about the station they listen to is different.  You don't want this in people's perceptions of what you do.
 
I am not against saving money.  I am however opposed to doing it for the wrong reasons.  Voice tracking is one of them.
 
When including the phones in the sound of the station, make the contests exciting.  Don't just make it movie tickets by being the correct caller.  Anyone can do that.
 
Don't employ a morning team of 9 or 10 people that laughs about inside jokes at the radio station.  The audience you are after didn't grow up with that kind of a morning show and they don't need it now.
 
The ultimate purpose of these suggestions is to make a radio station sound exciting and worth listening to in the mind of the average person.  To do this, you must go beyond the 25 to 54 demographic.  
 
Oldies by its nature is a very happy kind of music.  It should be programmed that way on the air.  
 
Making your station stand out will make the audience tune in and remain with you all the time.  This will ultimately lead to higher ratings and more sales and revenue being generated.    
 
The audience and the industry deserve a better approach to oldies than what currently exists on the air in America.
 
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 

The State of Music Radio

By Larry Stoler

The other day I turned on a CHR station.  I liked the song I was hearing.  I wanted to know the title and who sang it but I was unable to obtain that information.

In between the end of the song and the next one I heard a sweeper probably produced somewhere else for the station and a few hundred other ones that sound similar.
The above example illustrates one of the many problems with music radio in the United States.  Unless a song is new you will not be told the title and artist.  If the song is new you might find out the necessary information on the air for about a week and a half.
Another disappointment about music radio is the lack of so-called talent on the air.  Many people that work in major markets either are 20 or 25 years old or they sound like they are.  I guess that's the way they "identify with the audience".  In other words, in the past you had to work your way up to even be considered for a job in a major market.  Not today.  The people that own and program radio stations know that people will do anything to be on the air.  They also know that they can pay low salaries to the DJ's and they get away with it.
Most DJ's do not know how to work with the music.  In other words you do not scream when you play a slow song.  By the same token you do not talk softly or slowly when you play an up tempo song.  Most people don't understand or seem to care about what they are playing or how to properly execute it formaticly.
While posting most people on music stations talk about things that have nothing to do with the place they are working for.  In other words they don't know how to promote it.  They will talk about TV gossip or the latest movie.  The only time they promote the station is when they read something off a prewritten liner card.  How does that make the listeners interested or curious about what they are listening to?  In truth, it doesn't.
Today's DJ does not know how to work with the audience.  When they take a call and edit it so they can use it to hit the vocal, they don't make the caller excited about the station.  Another example of lack of promotion or making a station standout in the listeners mind.
Why is it that songs are not front or back announced?  Is it that it will take to much time?  Is it that the station owner thinks that the talent will demand more money after getting a few seconds of air time to tell people what they are listening to?
I listen to all kinds of radio.  If I don't know the name of a song how is the listener supposed to know it?  I guess they feel that most people watch VH1, MTV or can look it up on a website.
Some stations such as hot ac or ac formats will tell you what they play however sometimes they will only tell you the last song or just tell you the artists in a 5 song set.  That isn't right either.
All this takes place not only on CHR or urban stations but it also occurs in oldies radio.  I guess the assumption is if you play the same songs every few hours or play the same 300 oldies over and over in rotation people will know the titles and artists.
I find it hard to believe that people in focus groups told the researchers that they aren't interested in knowing about the music.  If that was the case people wouldn't go out and purchase music or burn their own CD's.
Another thing that has disappeared are jingles that would make people remember what they are listening to.  This would benefit the station and ultimately the ratings and bottom line.  I guess it's cheaper to have a production person somewhere else in the country produce sweepers that frankly get annoying to listen to after a while.  Granted digital capability makes you accomplish more in less time from a production standpoint but these sweepers are generic and don't mean much in radio recognition in the long run.
Music radio and the formatics associated with it needs to drastically change in America.  The talent needs work and the approach does too.
In today's radio environment the name of the game is consolidation.  Instead of constantly thinking that way, let's work on ways for music stations to stand out.  Radio needs to do this in order to grow and survive.  People can burn CD's, but XM or Sirius radios, listen to things on the Internet, etc.  This is why music and other aspects of radio have to work on ways to make this medium a leader again.  It can be done. 
You have to spend money to make money.  The audience and the industry deserve better than what they are getting on the air today.
 
Larry Stoler
lstoler99@optonline.net
 

 

Where was Local Radio???

By Larry Stoler

 

Recently I experienced a phone outage in the area I live in.  During a period of several hours, I was unable to make out going calls or receive in coming ones.  This happened late at night.

I wanted to find out what was going on so I turned on the local AM and FM stations.  They are owned by a company that owns many radio properties in this country.
The AM stations ran world news at the top of the hour from one of the networks followed by spots and after that one of the many nationally syndicated talk shows that are available everywhere at night.  In other words, no local information was available.
I turned on the FM station which ran unattended.  In other words, automated music and no live presence.
I went to the cable news channel because they talk about how much local news they do.  The news was prerecorded and several hours old.  Another potential source for local information didn't exist.
I tried the station's website.  After all stations tell you to go to the website if you want news.  As was the case with the cable channel, the news was several hours old.  All the obvious places for needed information did not exist.
It should also be mentioned that in addition to the lack of phones, it was snowing heavily at the time and I couldn't get up to date weather information.
The next day, I tuned to the same stations to find out what if any events were canceled or delayed because we had received a lot of snow.  The same thing happened.  World news and national syndicated talk but unfortunately no local news.
What happened to me illustrates what in my opinion is a serious problem that has increased over several years in radio.  The lack of news especially on music stations and what is considered important versus the real world.
Let me explain what I mean.  It seems today if anything happens after 8:30 AM or 9 in some cases or if it happens on weekends, you won't hear about it on the air unless your market happens to have an all news outlet to tune to.
There are some parts of America that either do not have a news station in the city of license or do not have one in hearable range.  This means a lack of information on the air.
The attitude by many who make decisions regarding programming is that the audience doesn't care after 8:30 or 9 AM regarding what's going on in their community.  Since when?  The audience did not fall asleep one night, wake up the next morning and proclaim that they didn't care about hearing the news during most of the broadcast day.  Doing news for a few minutes during the day or on weekends is not an interruption or an annoyance to the listeners.  After all, this was the case on top 40 stations and in other formats in the 60s and 70s.
At the time you found out what was going on maybe not every hour but at noon, 3 PM, and during afternoon drive and in the evening.  This did not interrupt the flow of the format or presentation.
As time went on, news coverage began to become less and less at night and then enter the world of voice-tracking from other locations.  In other words, cutting back localism on many stations.
Many talk stations that pride themselves on information don't offer local news or weather other than in the morning or late in the afternoon if you're lucky.  In the case of nights or weekends, forget it on many well known successful talk outlets.
Let's get back to the lack of phones that I mentioned at the beginning of this article.  What if you were living alone and you depended on radio for information or during an emergency?  What if you were the average listener and you couldn't find out anything about a situation such as a lack of phones in your area?  What would you do?  Where would you go to find out more?
A perfect example of a lack of information occurred on Sept. 11th, 2001 the day of the World Trade Center disaster.
Clear Channel is a company that owns over 1,200 stations in the United States.  In New York City they own5 FM stations.  After the tragedy took place, they had to go to WLW in Cincinnati Ohio for up to the minute coverage.  That is ridiculous.  That is because the station didn't have a regular news department and it happened after 8:30 AM.  The station usually talks about who slept with who as news during their morning show.
Obviously no one expected this terrible event to take place however, that doesn't explain having to go to another station elsewhere to get news.  Also, many stations went to TV audio for reports because they too didn't have a regular news department.
I am not blaming TV news for anything however I remember in the Gulf War stations went to TV and something was lacking in a non visual medium when the person said on TV "if you look to the right of the screen you will see this".  I also remember hearing that during that period when stations would simulcast CNN Headline News.  Doing news this way lacks something on radio.
Another thing: stations believe they do not have to have a news presence after 7 PM because everyone is watching television or on the Internet.  Everyone?  Really.  If that's the case then the broadcast industry has itself to blame.
Another point regarding music stations.  Many morning shows would rather put more importance on the latest gossip and call it news rather than tell you about what's going on in the world.  They think the audience will tune out if they talk about the Presidential election for example.  I don't believe that.  Assuming this is an insult to the audience.
I am not saying that music stations have to drop everything and talk about the news but they should reexamine what is news versus what passes for it these days on many stations.
It's to bad that the public interest, convenience and necessity is not a requirement on the air any more.  Maybe that would help stations to regain a source of responsibility and importance regarding information.
Radio has to stand out not only in music choice and presentation but in news also.  More needs to be done about making the public aware of what's going on every day.
Saving money is one thing.  Cutting back at the expense of the publics right to know is wrong.
 

 

Radio Research:    Do We Need It??????
by Larry Stoler

Radio research is not a new phenomenon in the broadcast business.  We saw this begin to enter commercial radio in the 1960s.
 
In those days, Program Directors such as the late Rick Sklar who made Music Radio 77 WABC a huge success and Ruth Meyer who brought the concept of the Good Guys to WMCA in New York would call local record stores to see what was selling.  They would also hold weekly music meetings with the talent to determine what songs would be played or dropped from the play list.
 
As time passed and technology improved, new types of tests entered the picture.  One was the auditorium test.  A firm would call people in the area a station served.  They would be invited to go to an auditorium on a specific day and listen to samples of music for a few seconds at a time.  They would react to each sample on a computer screen.  This was used to decide what would be heard on the station.
 
Focus groups were consulted to look at how people felt about the number of commercials a station played each day.  They were also asked about other format issues.
 
My problem with music testing is this.  How many times have you heard a song and it took you a while before you decided whether you liked it or not.  You can't decide in a few seconds whether a song is good or not.  People's tastes are different and do change.
 
You can ask a question in any way to fit your ultimate purpose.  If you are asked do stations play to many commercials you will say yes.  What does that accomplish?  Nothing in my opinion.  Stations still take stop sets at 20, 35 and 50 minutes after the hour.  The stop sets especially the one at 50 run to long which causes the audience to tune out for something else.
 
Lets look at radio research from a format decision stand point.  I will use Infinity Broadcasting's WNEW FM in New York City as an example.
 
Infinity does not own as many stations as Clear Channel but they are a major player because much of what they own are in major markets.
 
WNEW FM was an album oriented rock station from 1967 to 1998.  In the Fall of that year, they changed to an FM talk format to try to attract a young male audience.  This would continue until the beginning of last year.
 
In January, 2003, the FM talk concept ended and the station played music without any djs for three months.
 
In April, a new format called Blink appeared on the scene.   This was adult contemporary music with TV and other gossip included.  I and others who keep up with the business knew it was a matter of time before this would go and it didn't take long.  A few months later, most of the staff was fired and the first Blink disappeared.
 
A second Blink began after that and the music was emphasized.  The gossip disappeared.  This too lasted a few months.
 
After six weeks of continuous Christmas music, the station changed its title to The New Mix 102.7 FM.  The music sounded similar to the two Blink attempts I mentioned above.  Hot a c or adult contemporary.  The morning show was pretty similar except the current team sounds more professional and better organized for the job.
 
The question is how many millions of dollars do companies like Infinity throw away every year on research which to often results in low ratings and low ad revenue?  I can only imagine the answer.
 
Research has also resulted in a negative attitude in the industry.  Stations don't try to be the best: they just take whatever they can get.  This is also do to the cluster mentality that exists in the business today.
 
Let's say you own five stations in a major city.  One of your properties is not doing well.  Instead of making that one sound better, you just take the loss on that station and hopefully recover with the other four.  This is wrong.
 
Radio research is a major factor in the bland sound of radio all over the country.  No one is willing to take a chance or try to make a station stand out.  It's a very defeatist attitude.  What if it doesn't work they say.  Well what if it does.  People would talk about it and radio would be a leader again.
 
The audience didn't suddenly fall asleep one night and the next day their needs changed regarding what they wanted from radio.  The way research is used and interpreted helped eeminish high energy personality radio.  Also, many styles of music are not being heard on the air these days.  This is unfortunate.
 
People can get music and information from a variety of sources today.  The Internet, Digital Cable, XM and Sirius Satellite Radio, etc. not to mention that they can burn their own cds.  Radio has more competition which threatens its future every day.  The audience and the industry deserve better than what is being presented today.
 
Do we need radio research?  _Yes_ because you need a place to start from when making decisions for your stations. 
 
I feel a compromise point needs to be reached.  If research is to continue, and it will, lets go back and use it to find out what's selling in terms of music.  Don't look at radio research as the ultimate answer or the "bottom line" to everything.
 
Taking a positive approach and using radio research to a limited extent will result in higher ratings, better ad revenue and will get people talking about radio again.
 
Larry Stoler

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A Significant Anniversary

By Larry Stoler

It was five years ago.  December 28, 1998.  On that day, #1560 WQEW, the AM radio station of the New York Times stopped playing American popular standards and began broadcasting Radio Disney 24 hours a day.

Before I discuss the format change, let me tell you some of the history of the station.

In 1936, the station signed on with the call letters WQXR.  It was a classical station.  The New York Times Company would begin running the facility in 1944.

In 1992, WNEW AM 1130 announced that they had been sold and would change to a business news concept.  Until that point, the station had played popular music for over 50 years.  The change took place on Jan. 4, 1993 under the call sign WBBR.

On Dec. 2, 1992 at 10:04 AM, the New York Times announced that a brand new radio station was on the air. It was #1560 WQEW the home of American Popular Standards.  The classical programs would continue on sister station WQXR #96.3 FM.  Today, classical music is available around the clock on that frequency.

The change from WQXR to WQEW had been approved a few weeks before by the FCC.  Listeners were hearing the new call letters at the top of every hour.

After the announcement, Program Director Stan Martin introduced Tony Bennett who would appear live in the studio for over an hour.  Some tracks from his c d Perfectly Frank/a tribute to Frank Sinatra were heard.  The audience was also introduced to the new announcing staff.

WQEW had a staff of great broadcasters who played popular music for six years.  Bob Jones, Lee Arnold, Jonathan Schwartz and Stan Martin among many others.

One of the unique programs that was heard on the station was The Big Broadcast with Rich Conaty.  Every Sunday night, people had the opportunity to listen and learn about the history of American music.  Many rare out of print recordings were also heard.

In 1998, rumors began in and out of the radio community that #1560 would be changing to "children's programming.  This took place in December of that year.

ABC Disney was looking for a station in New York to put its Radio Disney concept on.  They approached the New York Times and entered into a lease agreement for 8 years with an option to buy the station.

On Dec. 21st at 7 PM, Stan Martin concluded the last live program from the WQEW studio.  The station ran unattended for about a week with drops reminding people what they were listening to and news at the top of the hour during the day.

The final program in the standards format was on Dec. 27th.  It was a prerecorded show hosted by Jonathan Schwartz.  He did tributes to the music and many great performers.

At approximately 11:45 PM, a few seconds of Radio Disney was accidentally heard.  The change was not supposed to happen until after Midnight.

A few minutes before Midnight, Stan Martin bid the audience farewell and played Stardust by Nat "King" Cole.  Stan always ended every program with that song.

At 12:01 AM, Radio Disney appeared on the air in the middle of a song.  A disclaimer was also heard announcing that the time had been purchased by ABC radio.

Since that day, other stations have played popular music.  None of them have a signal that would blanket the metropolitan area. 

The other thing that happened is that some stations sold the time to companies that would sell vitamins and other products.

I am not criticizing the New York Times for the lease with the Disney Corporation.  If you look at it from a business standpoint, they were guaranteed revenue as long as they presented Radio Disney night and day.

It is five years since the largest radio market in the country has had a full time standards station.  Even national formats such as The Music of Your Life and ABC radio's Timeless Classics do not have an affiliate in New York.

I feel that the time has  come to bring this music back to New York where it belongs.  This time, it should be on an FM station that would transmit from the top of the Empire State building.  This would have a signal that would cover New York, New Jersey and Connecticut.

The format should be live, locally originated and should not have any voice tracking.

The people that listen to popular standards are a very devoted audience.  They, like the classical listeners, will do anything to protect the radio station.   If marketed properly this could generate a good profit for an owner.

The New York area needs and deserves a full time commercial popular music FM radio station.  If people can support classical music commercially then they will be there for popular standards too.

This article is written as a thank you to everyone that worked at WQEW for giving people like myself six years of great radio.  It is also written as a tribute to Stan Martin who passed away recently as a result of a stroke.

I hope someone reading this with the right backing will bring this kind of music and radio back to the greatest city in the world as soon as possible.

 

 

Note*  ... Comments in RDN Feedback and Guest Viewpoints, and by commentators are those of the writers and contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Radio Daily News and its sponsors. Send comments and contributions to editor@radiodailynews.com